Bible Commentary


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1 Now the word of the LORD came to Jonah the son of Amittai, saying,

2 Arise, go to Nineveh, that great city, and cry against it; for their wickedness is come up before me.

3 But Jonah rose up to flee to Tarshish from the presence of the LORD, and went down to Joppa; and he found a ship going to Tarshish: so he paid the fare thereof, and went down into it, to go with them to Tarshish from the presence of the LORD.

4 But the LORD sent out a great wind into the sea, and there was a mighty tempest in the sea, so that the ship was like to be broken.

5 Then the mariners were afraid, and cried every man to his god, and cast forth the wares that were in the ship into the sea, to lighten it of them. But Jonah was gone down into the sides of the ship; and he lay, and was fast asleep.

6 So the shipmaster came to him, and said to him, What mean you, O sleeper? arise, call on your God, if so be that God will think on us, that we perish not.

7 And they said every one to his fellow, Come, and let us cast lots, that we may know for whose cause this evil is on us. So they cast lots, and the lot fell on Jonah.

8 Then said they to him, Tell us, we pray you, for whose cause this evil is on us; What is your occupation? and from where come you? what is your country? and of what people are you?

9 And he said to them, I am an Hebrew; and I fear the LORD, the God of heaven, which has made the sea and the dry land.

10 Then were the men exceedingly afraid, and said to him. Why have you done this? For the men knew that he fled from the presence of the LORD, because he had told them.

11 Then said they to him, What shall we do to you, that the sea may be calm to us? for the sea worked, and was tempestuous.

12 And he said to them, Take me up, and cast me forth into the sea; so shall the sea be calm to you: for I know that for my sake this great tempest is on you.

13 Nevertheless the men rowed hard to bring it to the land; but they could not: for the sea worked, and was tempestuous against them.

14 Why they cried to the LORD, and said, We beseech you, O LORD, we beseech you, let us not perish for this man's life, and lay not on us innocent blood: for you, O LORD, have done as it pleased you.

15 So they took up Jonah, and cast him forth into the sea: and the sea ceased from her raging.

16 Then the men feared the LORD exceedingly, and offered a sacrifice to the LORD, and made vows.

17 Now the LORD had prepared a great fish to swallow up Jonah. And Jonah was in the belly of the fish three days and three nights.


Jonah: 2Ki 14:25, Mat 12:39, Mat 16:4, Luk 11:29, Luk 11:30, Luk 11:32, Jonas

Reciprocal: Jer 1:2 - the word Hos 1:1 - word Jon 3:1 - the word Luk 3:2 - the word

Nineveh: Jon 3:2, Jon 4:11, Gen 10:11, 2Ki 19:36, Nah 1:1, Nah 2:1 - Nah 3:19, Zep 2:13-15

cry: Jon 3:2, Isa 58:1, Jer 1:7-10, Eze 2:7, Eze 3:5-9, Mic 3:8, Mat 10:18

for: Gen 18:20, Gen 18:21, Ezr 9:6, Jas 5:4, Rev 18:5

Reciprocal: Psa 74:23 - increaseth Psa 77:6 - my song Isa 37:37 - Nineveh Isa 56:10 - loving Jer 2:2 - cry Luk 11:32 - a greater Act 9:13 - Lord

to flee: Jon 4:2, Exo 4:13, Exo 4:14, 1Ki 19:3, 1Ki 19:9, Jer 20:7-9, Eze 3:14, Luk 9:62, Act 15:38, Act 26:19, 1Co 9:16

from: Gen 3:8, Gen 4:16, Job 1:12, Job 2:7, Psa 139:7-12, 2Th 1:9

Joppa: Jos 19:46, 2Ch 2:16, Act 9:36

Tarshish: As Jonah embarked at Joppa, a seaport on the Mediterranean, it was probably either Tarsus in Cilicia, or rather Tartessus in Spain, to which he intended to flee. When we reflect how such a message would be received in the streets of London at this day, we shall not wonder at the prophet’s reluctance to announce the destruction of the proud and idolatrous Nineveh. Isa 2:16, Isa 23:1, Isa 23:6, Isa 23:10, Isa 60:9, Eze 27:12

Reciprocal: 1Ki 10:22 - Tharshish 1Ki 22:48 - made ships 2Ki 17:20 - until he had cast Ezr 3:7 - Joppa Pro 27:8 - man Jer 18:3 - I went Jer 23:23 - General Hos 7:13 - fled Jon 1:10 - he fled Luk 11:32 - a greater Act 9:13 - Lord Act 21:2 - finding Act 27:14 - not 1Co 9:17 - against Gal 2:11 - because

the Lord: Exo 10:13, Exo 10:19, Exo 14:21, Exo 15:10, Num 11:31, Psa 107:24-31, Psa 135:7, Amo 4:13, Mat 8:24-27, Act 27:13-20

sent out: Heb. cast forth

like: Heb. thought

Reciprocal: 1Ki 19:9 - What doest thou Job 41:25 - by Psa 65:7 - Which Psa 107:25 - he commandeth Psa 147:15 - sendeth Psa 148:8 - stormy Ecc 1:6 - The wind Jer 23:23 - General Jer 51:16 - bringeth Eze 13:13 - a stormy Jon 4:8 - that God Mar 4:37 - great storm Act 27:20 - and no Jas 3:4 - are driven Rev 7:1 - holding

cried: Jon 1:6, Jon 1:14, Jon 1:16, 1Ki 18:26, Isa 44:17-20, Isa 45:20, Jer 2:28, Hos 7:14

and cast: Job 2:4, Act 27:18, Act 27:19, Act 27:38, Php 3:7, Php 3:8

the sides: 1Sa 24:3

and was: Jdg 16:19, Mat 25:5, Mat 26:40, Mat 26:41, Mat 26:43, Mat 26:45, Luk 22:45, Luk 22:46

Reciprocal: Psa 107:28 - General Ecc 3:6 - and a time to cast Isa 46:7 - one shall cry Jon 4:5 - Jonah Hab 2:19 - that Mat 8:24 - there Act 20:9 - being Act 28:11 - whose Rom 10:14 - shall they

What: Isa 3:15, Eze 18:2, Act 21:13, Rom 13:11, Eph 5:14

arise: Psa 78:34, Psa 107:6, Psa 107:12, Psa 107:13, Psa 107:18-20, Psa 107:28, Psa 107:29, Jer 2:27, Jer 2:28, Mar 4:37-41

if: Jon 3:9, 2Sa 12:22, Est 4:16, Joe 2:11, Amo 5:15

Reciprocal: Gen 20:16 - thus Exo 4:13 - send Pro 20:13 - open Joe 2:14 - Who Jon 1:5 - cried Jon 3:8 - cry Mat 8:25 - save Mat 25:5 - they Mat 26:43 - for Mar 14:37 - Simon Luk 22:46 - Why sleep ye Act 8:22 - if Act 20:9 - being Act 27:27 - the shipmen 1Co 15:34 - Awake 1Th 5:6 - let us not Rev 18:17 - And every

every: Jdg 7:13, Jdg 7:14, Isa 41:6, Isa 41:7

and let: Jos 7:14-18, Jdg 20:9, Jdg 20:10, 1Sa 10:20, 1Sa 10:21, 1Sa 14:41, 1Sa 14:42, Est 3:7, Psa 22:18, Pro 16:33, Mat 27:35, Act 1:23-26, Act 13:19

for: Jos 7:10, Jos 7:13, Jos 22:16-20, 1Sa 14:38, 1Sa 14:39, Job 10:2

and the: Num 32:23, Jos 7:18, 1Co 4:5

Reciprocal: Lev 16:8 - cast lots 1Sa 14:43 - Tell me 1Ch 24:5 - they divided by lot Eze 24:6 - let no Act 1:26 - they

Tell: Jos 7:19, 1Sa 14:43, Jas 5:16

What is thine: Gen 47:3, 1Sa 30:13

Reciprocal: Gen 46:33 - What is

I am: Gen 14:13, Gen 39:14, Php 3:5

and I: 2Ki 17:25, 2Ki 17:28, 2Ki 17:32-35, Job 1:9, Hos 3:5, Act 27:23, Rev 15:4

the Lord: or, Jehovah

the God: Ezr 1:2, Ezr 5:11, Ezr 7:12, Ezr 7:13, Neh 1:4, Neh 2:4, Psa 136:26, Dan 2:18, Dan 2:19, Dan 2:44, Rev 11:13, Rev 16:11

which: Neh 9:6, Psa 95:5, Psa 95:6, Psa 146:5, Psa 146:6, Act 14:15, Act 17:23-25

Reciprocal: Gen 1:9 - General Gen 3:8 - hid Gen 24:7 - Lord Est 3:4 - he had told Mar 4:41 - feared Act 16:17 - the servants Rom 10:14 - shall they 1Co 8:6 - one God

were: Joh 19:8

exceedingly afraid: Heb. afraid, with great fear, Dan 5:6-9

Why: Jos 7:25, 2Sa 24:3

he fled: Jon 1:3, Job 27:22

Reciprocal: Gen 3:8 - hid 2Ki 17:20 - until he had cast Psa 139:7 - General Pro 27:8 - man Hos 7:13 - fled Jon 1:16 - feared Mar 4:41 - feared

What: 1Sa 6:2, 1Sa 6:3, 2Sa 21:1-6, 2Sa 24:11-13, Mic 6:6, Mic 6:7

calm unto us: Heb. silent from us. wrought, and was tempestuous. or, grew more and more tempestuous. Heb. went and was, etc.

Reciprocal: Psa 37:7 - Rest in Act 27:20 - and no

Take: 2Sa 24:17, Joh 11:50

for: Jos 7:12, Jos 7:20, Jos 7:21, 1Ch 21:17, Ecc 9:18, Act 27:24

Reciprocal: Jos 6:18 - make the camp Job 35:8 - may hurt Psa 106:30 - General Jon 2:3 - thou

Nevertheless the: There was great humanity and tender feeling in these men. They were probably affected deeply with the candid confession, the disinterested, submissive conduct of the disobedient prophet, and were unwilling to cast him into the deep, until they found that every effort to save themselves was in vain.

rowed: Heb. digged

but: Job 34:29, Pro 21:30

Reciprocal: Joh 6:19 - had rowed

they: Jon 1:5, Jon 1:16, Psa 107:28, Isa 26:16

let: Gen 9:6, Deu 21:8, Act 28:4

for: Psa 115:3, Psa 135:6, Dan 4:34, Dan 4:35, Mat 11:26, Eph 1:9, Eph 1:11

Reciprocal: Deu 19:10 - General Isa 46:7 - one shall cry Jon 3:8 - cry Mat 27:4 - the innocent 1Co 12:18 - as it

they: Jos 7:24-26, 2Sa 21:8, 2Sa 21:9

and the: Psa 89:9, Psa 93:3, Psa 93:4, Psa 107:29, Mat 8:26, Luk 8:24

ceased: Heb. stood

Reciprocal: 2Sa 21:14 - God Psa 65:7 - Which Mar 4:41 - feared

feared: Jon 1:10, Isa 26:9, Dan 4:34-37, Dan 6:26, Mar 4:31, Act 5:11

offered: etc. Heb. sacrificed a sacrifice unto the Lord, and vowed vows, Gen 8:20, Jdg 13:16, 2Ki 5:17, Psa 107:22, Isa 60:5-7

made: Gen 28:20, Psa 50:14, Psa 66:13-16, Psa 116:14, Ecc 5:4

Reciprocal: Lev 22:18 - vows Deu 23:21 - General 2Ch 20:3 - feared Psa 107:31 - Oh that men Isa 19:21 - shall vow Jon 1:5 - cried Jon 1:14 - they Mar 4:41 - feared Act 28:11 - whose Rom 10:14 - shall they Rom 11:17 - and with

the Lord: Jon 4:6, Gen 1:21, Psa 104:25, Psa 104:26, Hab 3:2

in: Mat 12:40, Mat 16:4, Luk 11:30

belly: Heb. bowels

Reciprocal: Exo 2:5 - when she 1Sa 30:12 - three days Psa 124:3 - swallowed Jon 2:10 - General Jon 4:8 - that God Mat 17:27 - and take Mar 8:31 - and after 1Co 15:4 - according