Bible Commentary


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1 The word of the LORD which came to Zephaniah the son of Cushi, the son of Gedaliah, the son of Amariah, the son of Hizkiah, in the days of Josiah the son of Amon, king of Judah.

2 I will utterly consume all things from off the land, said the LORD.

3 I will consume man and beast; I will consume the fowls of the heaven, and the fishes of the sea, and the stumbling blocks with the wicked: and I will cut off man from off the land, said the LORD.

4 I will also stretch out my hand on Judah, and on all the inhabitants of Jerusalem; and I will cut off the remnant of Baal from this place, and the name of the Chemarims with the priests;

5 And them that worship the host of heaven on the housetops; and them that worship and that swear by the LORD, and that swear by Malcham;

6 And them that are turned back from the LORD; and those that have not sought the LORD, nor inquired for him.

7 Hold your peace at the presence of the Lord GOD: for the day of the LORD is at hand: for the LORD has prepared a sacrifice, he has bid his guests.

8 And it shall come to pass in the day of the LORD's sacrifice, that I will punish the princes, and the king's children, and all such as are clothed with strange apparel.

9 In the same day also will I punish all those that leap on the threshold, which fill their masters' houses with violence and deceit.

10 And it shall come to pass in that day, said the LORD, that there shall be the noise of a cry from the fish gate, and an howling from the second, and a great crashing from the hills.

11 Howl, you inhabitants of Maktesh, for all the merchant people are cut down; all they that bear silver are cut off.

12 And it shall come to pass at that time, that I will search Jerusalem with candles, and punish the men that are settled on their lees: that say in their heart, The LORD will not do good, neither will he do evil.

13 Therefore their goods shall become a booty, and their houses a desolation: they shall also build houses, but not inhabit them; and they shall plant vineyards, but not drink the wine thereof.

14 The great day of the LORD is near, it is near, and hastens greatly, even the voice of the day of the LORD: the mighty man shall cry there bitterly.

15 That day is a day of wrath, a day of trouble and distress, a day of devastation and desolation, a day of darkness and gloominess, a day of clouds and thick darkness,

16 A day of the trumpet and alarm against the fenced cities, and against the high towers.

17 And I will bring distress on men, that they shall walk like blind men, because they have sinned against the LORD: and their blood shall be poured out as dust, and their flesh as the dung.

18 Neither their silver nor their gold shall be able to deliver them in the day of the LORD's wrath; but the whole land shall be devoured by the fire of his jealousy: for he shall make even a speedy riddance of all them that dwell in the land.


word: Eze 1:3, Hos 1:1, 2Ti 3:16, 2Pe 1:19

in the days: 2Ki 22:1 - 2Ki 23:37, 2Ch 34:1 - 2Ch 35:27, Jer 1:2, Jer 25:3

Reciprocal: Jer 9:26 - Egypt Jer 36:14 - Cushi Luk 3:2 - the word

I will: etc. Heb. By taking away I will make an end, utterly. 2Ki 22:16, 2Ki 22:17, 2Ch 36:21, Isa 6:11, Jer 6:8, Jer 6:9, Jer 24:8-10, Jer 34:22, Jer 36:29, Eze 33:27-29, Mic 7:13

land: Heb. face of the land

Reciprocal: Ezr 8:22 - his power and his wrath Jer 4:25 - there was no man Eze 6:6 - the cities Mic 2:4 - We Hab 1:5 - for Zep 1:18 - he shall

consume man: Jer 4:23-29, Jer 12:4, Hos 4:3

stumblingblocks: or, idols, Isa 27:9, Eze 7:19, Eze 14:3-7, Eze 44:12, Hos 14:3, Hos 14:8, Mic 5:11-14, Zec 13:2, Mat 23:39, Rev 2:14

and I: Eze 14:13-21, Eze 15:6-8

Reciprocal: Gen 6:7 - General Gen 7:21 - General Deu 7:25 - snared Isa 2:18 - the idols Isa 17:8 - he shall Jer 4:25 - there was no man Jer 10:15 - in the Jer 21:6 - I will Jer 50:3 - both Eze 6:6 - your altars Eze 14:17 - so that Eze 23:48 - I cause Zep 1:18 - he shall

stretch: Exo 15:12, 2Ki 21:13, Isa 14:26, Isa 14:27

the remnant: "Fulfilled", 2Ki 23:4, 2Ki 23:5, 2Ch 34:4

the Chemarims: Hos 10:5, *marg.

Reciprocal: Deu 7:24 - their name 1Ki 9:9 - Because 2Ch 24:18 - wrath Isa 1:28 - they that Isa 48:19 - his name Isa 65:12 - will I Jer 10:15 - in the Jer 15:6 - stretch Jer 44:26 - The Lord God Eze 6:6 - your altars Eze 20:39 - but Eze 25:7 - I will stretch Zec 13:2 - I will cut Rom 11:4 - Baal

worship: 2Ki 23:12, Jer 19:13, Jer 32:29

and them: 1Ki 18:21, 2Ki 17:33, 2Ki 17:41, Mat 6:24

and that: Deu 10:20, Isa 48:1, Jer 4:2, Hos 4:15

by the Lord: or, to the Lord, Isa 44:5, Isa 45:23, Rom 14:11

swear by: Jos 23:7

Malcham: 1Ki 11:33, Milcom, Amo 5:26, Moloch.

Reciprocal: Gen 24:3 - swear Exo 20:23 - General Deu 4:19 - the host 1Ki 9:9 - Because 1Ki 11:5 - Milcom 2Ki 23:5 - the idolatrous priests 2Ki 23:13 - Milcom 2Ch 33:3 - the host Psa 63:11 - sweareth Psa 86:11 - unite Psa 101:3 - them Psa 119:10 - my whole Isa 65:16 - he that Jer 5:7 - sworn by Jer 7:9 - steal Jer 8:2 - and all Jer 12:16 - as they Jer 44:26 - The Lord God Jer 49:3 - their king Eze 20:39 - but Hos 7:8 - a cake Hos 10:2 - Their heart is divided Amo 8:14 - swear Act 10:9 - Peter 2Co 6:16 - what Rev 3:15 - thou

turned: 1Sa 15:11, Psa 36:3, Psa 125:5, Isa 1:4, Jer 2:13, Jer 2:17, Jer 3:10, Jer 15:6, Eze 3:20, Hos 4:15, Hos 4:16, Hos 11:7, Heb 10:38, Heb 10:39, 2Pe 2:18-22

and those: Psa 10:4, Psa 14:2, Psa 14:3, Isa 43:22, Hos 7:7, Rom 3:11, Heb 2:3

Reciprocal: Jos 23:12 - go back Rth 1:15 - gone back 2Sa 22:22 - have not Job 15:4 - castest off Job 23:11 - his way Job 34:27 - turned Psa 44:18 - heart Psa 53:3 - Every Psa 101:3 - them Psa 119:10 - my whole Pro 2:13 - leave Pro 14:14 - backslider Pro 21:16 - wandereth Jer 10:25 - call Jer 11:10 - turned Jer 18:10 - do Jer 34:11 - General Eze 18:24 - when Hos 4:10 - left Amo 5:7 - leave Luk 11:26 - and the Joh 6:66 - of his Col 1:23 - ye continue 2Th 1:8 - that know 2Pe 2:21 - to turn Rev 3:15 - thou

thy: 1Sa 2:9, 1Sa 2:10, Job 40:4, Job 40:5, Psa 46:10, Psa 76:8, Psa 76:9, Isa 6:5, Amo 6:10, Hab 2:20, Zec 2:13, Rom 3:19, Rom 9:20

for the day: Zep 1:14, Isa 2:12, Isa 13:6, Eze 7:7, Eze 7:10, Joe 2:1, Joe 2:2, Joe 2:11, Joe 2:31, Amo 5:18-20, Mal 4:1, Php 4:5, 2Pe 3:10-12

for the Lord: Isa 34:6, Jer 46:10, Eze 39:17-20, Rev 19:17, Rev 19:18

he hath: Pro 9:1-6, Mat 22:4, Luk 14:16, Luk 14:17

bid: Heb. sanctified, or prepared, 1Sa 16:5, 1Sa 20:26, Col 1:12

Reciprocal: Isa 29:2 - and it shall Eze 30:3 - the day is Zep 1:10 - in Mat 22:3 - that

punish: Heb. visit upon, Isa 10:12, Isa 24:21, *marg.

the princes: 2Ki 23:30-34, 2Ki 24:12, 2Ki 24:13, 2Ki 25:6, 2Ki 25:7, 2Ki 25:19-21, Isa 39:7, Jer 22:11-19, Jer 22:24-30, Jer 39:6, Jer 39:7

strange: Deu 22:5, 2Ki 10:22, Isa 3:18-24

Reciprocal: Isa 29:2 - and it shall Jer 46:10 - the sword Zec 10:3 - punished

those: Or, "that leap over the threshold," by which is probably meant the Philistines, who, after the time that Dagon fell before the ark and was broken on the threshold, leaped over it when entering his temple.

leap: 1Sa 5:5

which: 1Sa 2:15, 1Sa 2:16, 2Ki 5:20-27, Neh 5:15, Pro 29:12, Act 16:19

Reciprocal: Lev 6:4 - which he 1Ki 18:26 - leaped upon the altar Isa 59:6 - their works Jer 17:11 - he that Eze 8:17 - for Eze 18:7 - hath spoiled Eze 28:16 - filled Amo 3:10 - who Mic 6:10 - the treasures Zep 1:13 - their goods

in: Zep 1:7, Zep 1:15, Jer 39:2

the noise: Isa 22:4, Isa 22:5, Isa 59:11, Jer 4:19-21, Jer 4:31, Amo 8:3

the fish gate: 2Ch 33:14, Neh 3:3

the second: 2Ki 22:14, 2Ch 32:22

from: 2Sa 5:7, 2Sa 5:9, 2Ch 3:1

Reciprocal: Exo 11:6 - General Neh 12:39 - the fish gate Isa 52:5 - make Jer 4:6 - destruction Jer 18:22 - a cry Jer 30:5 - a voice Jer 46:12 - thy cry Jer 47:2 - then the Jer 51:54 - General Zep 1:14 - even Zec 11:3 - a voice

Howl: Jer 4:8, Jer 25:34, Eze 21:12, Joe 1:5, Joe 1:13, Zec 11:2, Zec 11:3, Jas 5:1

all the: Neh 3:31, Neh 3:32, Hos 12:7, Hos 12:8, Joh 2:16, Rev 18:11-18

Reciprocal: Jer 18:22 - a cry Jer 30:5 - a voice Jer 47:2 - then the Eze 30:2 - Howl Zep 1:18 - their silver Rev 2:23 - and all

that I: Jer 16:16, Jer 16:17, Amo 9:1-3, Oba 1:6

the men: Jer 48:11, Amo 6:1, Rev 2:23

settled: Heb. curded, or thickened

The Lord: Job 21:15, Psa 10:11-13, Psa 14:1, Psa 94:7, Isa 5:19, Jer 10:5, Eze 8:12, Eze 9:9, Mal 3:14, Mal 3:15, 2Pe 3:4

Reciprocal: Gen 18:21 - see Job 10:6 - General Job 10:17 - changes Job 22:13 - doth God know Psa 10:15 - seek Psa 55:19 - no changes Psa 73:11 - How Psa 139:4 - there is not Isa 5:18 - draw Isa 28:15 - We have Isa 29:15 - seek Jer 13:22 - if Jer 23:17 - No Dan 4:4 - was Mal 2:17 - Where Mat 22:11 - when Mar 11:11 - when

their goods: Zep 1:9, Isa 6:11, Isa 24:1-3, Jer 4:7, Jer 4:20, Jer 5:17, Jer 9:11, Jer 9:19, Jer 12:10-13, Eze 7:19, Eze 7:21, Eze 22:31, Mic 3:12

build: Deu 28:30, Deu 28:39, Deu 28:51, Isa 5:8, Isa 5:9, Isa 65:21, Isa 65:22, Amo 5:11, Mic 6:15

Reciprocal: Deu 20:6 - lest he die Isa 16:10 - General Isa 17:10 - shalt thou Isa 32:10 - for Jer 6:12 - And their Jer 8:10 - will I Lam 5:2 - General Hos 2:9 - take Amo 9:14 - plant

great: Zep 1:7, Jer 30:7, Eze 30:3, Joe 2:1, Joe 2:11, Joe 2:31, Mal 4:5, Act 2:20, Rev 6:17

it is: Eze 7:6, Eze 7:7, Eze 7:12, Eze 12:23, Amo 8:2, Php 4:5, Jas 5:9, 2Pe 2:3

even: Zep 1:10, Isa 22:4, Isa 22:5, Isa 66:6, Jer 25:36, Joe 2:11, Joe 3:16, 1Th 4:16, Heb 12:26

the mighty: Isa 15:4, Isa 33:7, Jer 48:41, Rev 6:15-17

Reciprocal: Est 4:1 - and cried Isa 8:22 - look Isa 13:6 - Howl ye Jer 46:10 - the day Eze 13:5 - the day Hos 9:7 - days of visitation Joe 1:15 - the day of Joe 2:2 - A day of darkness Amo 5:18 - the day of the Lord is Zec 5:2 - flying Mal 4:1 - the day Mat 24:29 - shall the Mar 13:24 - General Act 2:19 - General Rev 3:11 - I come Rev 22:12 - I come

is: Zep 1:18, Zep 2:2, Isa 22:5, Jer 30:7, Amo 5:18-20, Luk 21:22, Luk 21:23, Rom 2:5, 2Pe 3:7, Rev 6:17

a day of darkness: Job 3:4-8, Joe 2:2, Joe 2:11

Reciprocal: 1Sa 2:9 - be silent Job 15:23 - the day Job 21:30 - day Isa 8:22 - look Isa 13:10 - General Jer 4:19 - sound Jer 46:10 - the day Eze 34:12 - in the cloudy Zep 1:10 - in Mat 24:29 - shall the

day: Isa 59:10, Jer 4:19, Jer 4:20, Jer 6:1, Jer 8:16, Hos 5:8, Hos 8:1, Amo 3:6, Hab 1:6-10, Hab 3:6

and against: Psa 48:12, Psa 48:13, Isa 2:12-15, Isa 32:14

Reciprocal: Num 10:9 - then ye shall Isa 13:10 - General Jer 18:22 - a cry Jer 20:16 - let him Joe 2:1 - and sound

they shall: Deu 28:28, Deu 28:29, Psa 79:3, Isa 29:10, Isa 59:9, Isa 59:10, Lam 4:14, Mat 15:14, Joh 9:40, Joh 9:41, Rom 11:7, Rom 11:25, 2Co 4:4, 2Pe 1:9, 1Jn 2:11, Rev 3:17

because: Isa 24:5, Isa 24:6, Isa 50:1, Isa 59:12-15, Jer 2:17, Jer 2:19, Jer 4:18, Lam 1:8, Lam 1:14, Lam 1:18, Lam 4:13-15, Lam 5:16, Lam 5:17, Eze 22:25-31, Dan 9:5-19, Mic 3:9-12, Mic 7:13

and their blood: 2Ki 9:33-37, Psa 79:2, Psa 79:3, Psa 83:10, Jer 9:21, Jer 9:22, Jer 15:3, Jer 16:4-6, Jer 18:21, Lam 2:21, Lam 4:14, Amo 4:10

Reciprocal: 1Ki 14:10 - as a man taketh Isa 5:25 - torn Jer 8:2 - they shall be Eze 16:38 - shed Eze 30:11 - and fill Mic 2:3 - from

their silver: Zep 1:11, Psa 49:6-9, Psa 52:5-7, Pro 11:4, Pro 18:11, Isa 2:20, Isa 2:21, Jer 9:23, Jer 9:24, Eze 7:19, Mat 16:26, Luk 12:19-21, Luk 16:22, Luk 16:23

in the day: Zep 1:15, Job 21:30

but: Zep 3:8, Lev 26:33-35, Deu 29:20-28, Deu 31:17, Isa 24:1-12, Jer 4:26-29, Jer 7:20, Jer 7:34, Jer 9:11

the fire: Zep 3:8, Deu 32:21-25, 1Ki 14:22, Psa 78:58, Psa 79:5, Eze 8:3-5, Eze 16:38, Eze 36:5, Eze 36:6, 1Co 10:22

he shall: Zep 1:2, Zep 1:3, Isa 1:24

Reciprocal: Exo 10:7 - that Egypt Num 25:11 - that I Deu 4:24 - thy God Deu 8:19 - I testify against 2Ki 22:17 - shall not be Job 3:15 - who filled their houses Job 20:28 - and his goods Job 36:19 - Will Pro 10:2 - Treasures Pro 10:3 - but Pro 27:24 - For Ecc 5:13 - riches Isa 10:3 - where Isa 42:13 - jealousy Jer 2:15 - his cities Jer 21:12 - lest Eze 6:6 - the cities Eze 7:11 - none Eze 15:8 - I will Eze 22:21 - and blow Eze 23:25 - I will set Eze 30:11 - and fill Amo 4:3 - them into the palace Mic 2:3 - from Zep 2:2 - before the fierce Mal 4:1 - shall burn Mat 6:19 - General Mar 10:24 - trust Rom 4:15 - Because Heb 10:27 - fiery Jas 5:1 - ye Rev 18:11 - the merchants